CRISPR (CRISPR-Cas9)

CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful genetic editing tool that allows scientists to make precise changes to an organism’s DNA. It works like molecular scissors: the Cas9 protein acts as the scissors, guided by a small RNA molecule to a specific DNA sequence. Once there, it can cut the DNA, enabling scientists to remove, insert, or modify genes. Originally discovered as a bacterial immune system, CRISPR-Cas9 has become a valuable method for research, medicine, and agriculture, potentially correcting genetic defects and treating certain diseases by directly editing the genetic code.