Craters

Craters are bowl-shaped depressions on a surface, typically caused by impacts from objects like meteoroids, asteroids, or comets. When these objects collide with a planet, moon, or other celestial body, they release energy that excavates material, creating a visible hole or crater. The size and shape of a crater depend on the impactor's size, speed, and angle, as well as the nature of the surface. Craters are often significant in studying geological history, as they reveal information about a planet's past impacts and surface characteristics.