CPR Theory (Common Pool Resource Theory)

Common Pool Resource (CPR) Theory explains how shared resources—like fisheries, forests, or water sources—are managed when multiple people have access. Because these resources are rivalrous (one person's use reduces availability for others) but non-excludable (it's hard to prevent anyone from using them), they can be overused or depleted, known as the "tragedy of the commons." Effective management involves rules, community cooperation, or regulation to sustainably share and preserve the resource. CPR Theory emphasizes balancing individual interests with collective benefits to prevent resource depletion and ensure long-term availability.