Coupled Mode Theory

Coupled Mode Theory describes how energy or signals transfer between two or more connected systems, such as optical fibers or waveguides. When modes (specific patterns of waves) in each system are close in frequency or spatially overlapping, they interact or "couple," allowing energy to shift from one mode to another. This theory helps us predict how signals evolve over time and distance in complex networks, enabling the design of devices like filters, sensors, and lasers by understanding and controlling these interactions effectively.