Counting Semaphore

A counting semaphore is a synchronization tool used in computing to manage access to shared resources. It maintains a numeric counter representing the number of available resources. When a process wants to use the resource, it decreases the counter; if the counter is zero, the process waits until the resource becomes available again. When a process finishes with the resource, it increases the counter, signaling others that the resource is free. This mechanism helps prevent conflicts and ensures proper coordination among multiple processes sharing limited resources efficiently.