Cortical mapping techniques

Cortical mapping techniques are methods used by medical professionals to identify and understand specific areas of the brain's outer layer, called the cortex, responsible for functions like movement, speech, and sensation. These techniques often involve stimulating or imaging the brain—such as with MRI, EEG, or intraoperative electrical stimulation—to pinpoint which regions control particular skills or actions. This helps surgeons avoid damaging critical areas during procedures and advances our understanding of brain function. In essence, cortical mapping creates a detailed "map" of how different parts of the brain are connected to various abilities and sensations.