cortical columns

Cortical columns are groups of neurons in the brain's cortex arranged in a vertical, column-like structure. These columns act as processing units, handling specific types of information or functions, such as recognizing visual patterns or controlling movement. The orderly arrangement allows neurons within a column to communicate efficiently, creating specialized circuits for different tasks. This organization helps the brain process complex sensory inputs and coordinate responses quickly and effectively, forming a fundamental aspect of how the brain's cortex manages a wide range of cognitive and sensory functions.