Coptic liturgical architecture

Coptic liturgical architecture reflects the spiritual focus and history of the Coptic Orthodox Church. Churches are typically centered around a rectangular nave with an iconostasis (a screen of icons) that separates the sanctuary from the congregation. The sanctuary houses the altar, often in a semicircular or polygonal space called the "sanctum," symbolizing the divine presence. Visual elements like icons, carvings, and frescoes depict biblical scenes, fostering spiritual reflection. Architectural features emphasize a sense of sacred space designed for ritual, prayer, and liturgical celebrations, maintaining a balance between functional form and spiritual symbolism rooted in Egypt’s Christian heritage.