Coordination Complexes (in chemistry)

Coordination complexes are molecules where a central metal atom or ion (like iron or copper) is bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. These ligands donate electron pairs to the metal, forming coordinate covalent bonds. The arrangement and type of ligands influence the complex's properties, such as color and reactivity. Coordination complexes are common in nature and industry, playing roles in processes like blood oxygen transport, catalysts, and dyes. They exemplify how multiple components work together to create stable structures with unique chemical behaviors.