Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder affecting the adrenal glands, which are small organs located on top of each kidney. In CAH, a deficiency in certain enzymes leads to improper hormone production, especially cortisol and aldosterone. This imbalance can cause symptoms such as ambiguous genitalia in newborn girls, early puberty in boys, and issues with salt balance in the body. CAH can be classified into different types, with the most common being 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Early diagnosis and treatment, often involving hormone replacement therapy, are essential for managing the condition effectively.