Condorcet Paradox

The Condorcet Paradox occurs in collective decision-making when a group's preferences lead to cyclical or inconsistent outcomes, despite each individual having clear preferences. For example, in an election with three options, voters may prefer A over B, B over C, and yet C over A, creating a cycle with no clear winner. This paradox highlights that collective preferences can be intransitive, meaning the group's overall choice doesn't always reflect rational, consistent individual preferences. It underscores the complexities in designing fair voting systems and how majority rule can sometimes produce counterintuitive results.