condenser microphone

A condenser microphone captures sound by using a capacitor, which consists of two closely spaced metal plates—one fixed and one movable. When sound waves hit the microphone, they cause the movable plate to vibrate, changing the distance between the plates. This variation in distance alters the electrical charge stored in the capacitor, converting sound into an electrical signal. Condenser microphones are known for their sensitivity and accuracy, making them ideal for capturing detailed vocals and instruments in recording settings. They require an external power source, usually phantom power, to operate the internal electronics.