Condensation Nucleation

Condensation nucleation is the process where water vapor transforms into liquid droplets, forming clouds or dew. It begins when water vapor molecules in the air encounter tiny particles called nucleation sites, such as dust or pollen. These particles help the vapor molecules cluster together, overcoming energy barriers that normally prevent condensation. As more molecules gather, droplets grow larger and eventually fall as precipitation. This process is essential for cloud formation and the water cycle, enabling moisture to change states and move through the environment efficiently.