Concepts: Permanent magnetism

Permanent magnetism occurs when certain materials, such as iron, cobalt, or nickel, have their tiny magnetic regions, called domains, aligned in the same direction. Once magnetized, these materials retain their magnetic properties even after an external magnetic field is removed. This alignment creates a persistent magnetic field, enabling the magnet to attract or repel other magnetic objects. Think of it as tiny internal compass needles inside the material all pointing the same way, resulting in a stable magnet that can be used in compasses, motors, and electronic devices.