Complexity class

Complexity classes are categories used in computer science to classify problems based on the resources needed to solve them, mainly time and memory. For example, some problems can be solved quickly regardless of size (called "tractable"), while others may take an exponentially longer time as they grow larger, making them practically unsolvable for large inputs. These classes help us understand which problems are efficiently solvable and which are inherently difficult, guiding researchers in algorithm development and computational theory. In essence, complexity classes provide a framework to compare and analyze the difficulty of computational problems systematically.