Complex network theory

Complex network theory studies how interconnected systems—like social networks, the internet, or biological systems—are structured and function. It examines the patterns of connections between individual elements (nodes) and the links (edges) that join them. By analyzing these structures, researchers can understand how information flows, identify influential nodes, and predict system behavior. This approach helps explain the resilience, vulnerability, and dynamics of complex systems found in nature, technology, and society, offering insights to improve design, efficiency, and robustness.