Complex Formation

Complex formation is a process where two or more molecules or ions come together to create a stable, organized structure called a complex. This occurs when a central metal ion binds to surrounding molecules or ions, called ligands, through specific interactions like coordinate bonds. These complexes are common in biological systems, such as hemoglobin carrying oxygen, or in chemistry for catalysts and sensors. Essentially, complex formation involves the assembly of different parts to form a more stable, structured entity, often changing the properties and behavior of the involved molecules.