competencies and learning outcomes

Competencies are the skills, knowledge, and abilities a person develops for specific tasks or roles, such as problem-solving or communication. Learning outcomes describe what a person is expected to achieve after completing a learning activity, like understanding a concept or performing a skill. While competencies focus on overall capabilities for particular functions, learning outcomes specify the specific knowledge or skills gained. Both help guide education and training by clarifying what learners should be able to do or demonstrate after learning.