Commutation

Commutation in electrical machines refers to the process of switching current directions within a motor or generator to ensure continuous, smooth operation. In a basic motor, as the motor's rotor spins, the commutator and brushes work together to reverse the current in the coils at the right moments. This reversal maintains a consistent torque, allowing the motor to keep turning smoothly. Without commutation, the motor would experience significant electrical and mechanical issues. Essentially, it acts like a switching mechanism that manages current flow, enabling efficient conversion between electrical energy and mechanical motion.