Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI)

The Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) was a major political party established in 1920 that promoted communist ideology, advocating for socialism, workers' rights, land redistribution, and anti-imperialism. It grew significantly in the 1950s and 1960s, becoming one of Asia’s largest communist parties. However, during the Cold War-era political turmoil in Indonesia, a failed coup in 1965 led to a brutal anti-communist purge. The PKI was blamed for the coup attempt and effectively banned, with thousands killed or imprisoned, significantly impacting Indonesia’s political landscape and suppressing communist influence for decades.