colligative properties applications

Colligative properties are the effects that depend on the number of dissolved particles in a solution, not their type. These include boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure. In everyday life, they’re seen in antifreeze, which raises a car’s boiling point to prevent overheating or lowers the freezing point to stop engine fluids from freezing. Similarly, when salt is added to icy roads, it lowers the freezing point, melting the ice. These properties are useful for controlling temperatures, preserving foods, and medical applications like IV fluids.