coca cultivation

Coca cultivation involves growing the coca plant, primarily in countries like Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. The leaves of this plant contain alkaloids that are processed into cocaine, a powerful and illegal stimulant. Farmers cultivate coca because the crop is profitable and well-suited to local climates. However, just like other crops, illicit coca farming often occurs outside legal systems and contributes to illegal drug trafficking, violence, and social issues. Efforts to control and reduce coca cultivation include alternative development programs, law enforcement, and crop substitution initiatives to provide farmers with viable legal livelihoods.