closures

A closure is a feature in programming where a function retains access to variables from its surrounding scope even after that scope has finished executing. Think of it as a function "remembering" the context in which it was created. This allows functions to maintain state or data across multiple calls, enabling more flexible and modular code. Closures are commonly used for creating private variables or functions that carry their own data, enhancing code organization. Essentially, a closure combines a function with its environment, preserving relevant data for future use.