closed-world assumption

The closed-world assumption is a concept in logic and computer science where we assume that what we don't know or haven't observed is false. In other words, if a fact isn't known to be true based on available information, we assume it to be false. This simplifies reasoning by treating the database or knowledge system as complete, meaning all relevant facts are included. It's commonly used in database queries and expert systems to deduce conclusions efficiently, but in real-world situations, it might overlook unknown or future facts.