Clay Mineralogy

Clay mineralogy is the study of tiny, fine-grained minerals called clays that form from the breakdown of rocks. These minerals are composed of layered structures that can absorb water and ions, giving soils their ability to retain moisture and nutrients. Different types of clay minerals, like kaolinite, illite, and smectite, have unique properties affecting soil stability, plasticity, and permeability. Understanding clay mineralogy helps in agriculture, construction, and environmental management, as it influences how soils behave and interact with water, plants, and structures.