Classical optics

Classical optics is the study of how light behaves and interacts with objects. It explains how light travels in straight lines, reflects off surfaces, bends when passing through different materials (refraction), and spreads out or concentrates (diffraction and focusing). It also covers phenomena like shadows and rainbows. The principles of classical optics are based on wave theories, which treat light as a wave, allowing us to understand and predict many everyday optical effects using mathematical laws like reflection and Snell's law of refraction.