Classical Indian logic

Classical Indian logic, developed between 500 BCE and 1200 CE, is a sophisticated system of reasoning that emphasizes precise argumentation and valid inference. It centers on methods like *nyāya* (logic) and *tarka* (dialectical reasoning), using structured steps to establish truth and resolve philosophical debates. This logic includes identifying valid evidence, formulating clear hypotheses, and testing their consistency. It’s applied in areas like philosophy, mathematics, and epistemology, aiming to discern reality and knowledge validity systematically. Unlike Western logic, it often integrates spiritual and ethical considerations, reflecting a holistic approach to understanding truth.