City-States of Italy

During the Renaissance, Italy was divided into numerous independent city-states, such as Venice, Florence, and Milan. These were self-governing regions centered around major cities, each with its own political system, ruler, and economic interests. They often competed through trade, warfare, and alliances but shared cultural connections and language. These city-states played a crucial role in fostering art, learning, and innovation, making Italy a vibrant hub of Renaissance activity. Their independence allowed for diverse governance and cultural development, shaping Italy’s history well beyond the medieval period.