City-state governance

City-state governance refers to a political entity where a city and its surrounding territory operate as an independent state with their own government, laws, and defenses. Unlike larger countries, a city-state manages its affairs locally, making decisions directly related to its residents' needs. Historically, city-states like Athens or Venice exemplified this structure, balancing urban governance with external diplomatic relations. They often emphasize local autonomy, economic regulation, and civic identity, functioning as self-contained political units while engaging with other states on broader issues.