chromium speciation

Chromium speciation refers to the different chemical forms of chromium, primarily trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). Cr(III) is a naturally occurring, essential nutrient that is generally less harmful, while Cr(VI) is a more toxic form often produced through industrial processes. Speciation affects how chromium behaves in the environment, how it interacts with organisms, and its potential health risks. Understanding these forms helps scientists assess contamination risks and develop proper safety measures, as the two forms have distinct physical, chemical, and biological properties.