chromatography techniques

Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of substances. It works by passing a mixture through a medium (like a liquid or a solid) where different components move at different speeds. This separation allows scientists to identify and measure individual substances. Common types include paper chromatography, where a mixture is drawn up a piece of paper with water or alcohol, and gas chromatography, used to analyze gases or volatile substances. Chromatography is essential in chemistry, biology, and forensics, helping with everything from drug testing to quality control in food and beverages.