chest wall deformities

Chest wall deformities are structural abnormalities in the shape or structure of the chest, often presenting at birth or developing during growth. Common types include pectus excavatum, where the chest sinks inward, and pectus carinatum, where it protrudes outward. These deformities can affect breathing, heart function, or cause aesthetic concerns, though many individuals are asymptomatic. Causes can be genetic or related to connective tissue disorders. Treatment varies from observation to surgical correction, depending on severity and impact on health, aiming to improve function and appearance while maintaining safety.