Chemical Symbols

Chemical symbols are shorthand abbreviations for chemical elements, used universally in science. Each symbol consists of one or two letters, with the first letter always capitalized and the second letter lowercase if present. For example, H stands for hydrogen, O for oxygen, and Na for sodium. These symbols make it easier to write and understand chemical formulas and reactions efficiently, avoiding lengthy element names. They are standardized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), ensuring clear communication among scientists worldwide.