Charge Density

Charge density refers to how electric charge is distributed within a specific area or volume. It measures the amount of charge present per unit of space—either across a surface (area charge density) or throughout a volume (volume charge density). For example, a charged wire with many electrons packed closely together has a high charge density, while one with electrons spread out has a low charge density. Understanding charge density helps in analyzing electric fields and forces, since areas with higher charge density produce stronger electric effects.