charge

Charge is a fundamental property of particles that causes them to experience forces when in an electric field. It is similar to how mass causes objects to be affected by gravity, but instead, charge influences interactions through electrical forces. Particles can have a positive or negative charge, and like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. Charge is conserved, meaning it can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred. It plays a key role in electricity, magnetism, and many physical phenomena, forming the basis for how electrical devices and circuits function.