Chaldiran

The Battle of Chaldiran took place in 1514 between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire in eastern Anatolia. The Ottomans, with a larger and more technologically advanced army, used firearms and cannons effectively against the Safavid cavalry, which relied heavily on speed and archery. The Ottomans' victory solidified their control over eastern Anatolia and significantly weakened the Safavid state. This battle marked a major turning point in Middle Eastern history, establishing the Ottoman-Safavid rivalry that influenced regional politics, religion, and military strategies for centuries.