cfDNA (cell-free DNA)

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) refers to small fragments of genetic material that are released into the bloodstream from cells as they naturally die and break down. These fragments circulate freely and can originate from various tissues, including tumors or normal cells. Medical professionals analyze cfDNA to gather information about a person’s health, detect genetic conditions, or monitor cancers non-invasively through a simple blood test, often called a "liquid biopsy." This approach is less invasive than traditional tissue biopsies and provides real-time insights into biological processes occurring within the body.