CesareBeccaria

Cesare Beccaria was an 18th-century Italian philosopher and criminologist who is considered a pioneer of modern criminal justice. He argued that laws should be clear, fair, and aimed at preventing crime rather than punishing excessively. Beccaria believed that punishment should fit the crime, be swift, and serve as a deterrent, not as revenge. His ideas promoted the idea that justice should protect individual rights and that a fair legal system benefits society as a whole. His influential work, *On Crimes and Punishments*, helped shape modern criminal law and justice reform.