cephalopod evolution

Cephalopod evolution involves the development of highly specialized mollusks like squids, octopuses, and cuttlefish. Originating around 500 million years ago, early ancestors were simple, soft-bodied creatures with primitive eyes. Over time, they evolved complex features such as advanced eyes for better vision, tentacles for grasping prey, and a mantle for efficient movement through jet propulsion. Their intelligence and camouflage abilities also improved, helping them survive predators. These adaptations resulted from millions of years of natural selection, enabling cephalopods to become some of the most agile and intelligent invertebrates in the ocean today.