Cellular transport pathways

Cellular transport pathways are the processes that move substances like nutrients, waste, and signals in and out of cells. These pathways include passive transport, which allows molecules to pass through the cell membrane without energy, driven by concentration differences. Active transport requires energy to move substances against these differences. There are also specialized channels and vesicles that help larger molecules or bulk materials cross the membrane. Together, these pathways regulate the cell’s internal environment, ensuring proper function and communication with its surroundings.