Cellular energy homeostasis

Cellular energy homeostasis is the process by which cells regulate and balance their energy production and use to function effectively. Cells generate energy mainly through converting nutrients like glucose into a form called ATP, which powers various biological activities. When energy levels are low, cells increase production pathways, like breaking down stored fuels or increasing mitochondrial activity. Conversely, when energy is abundant, they slow down these processes. This balance ensures cells maintain proper function, adapt to changing demands, and avoid damage from either energy shortages or excesses, sustaining overall cellular health and efficiency.