cavern ecosystem

A cavern ecosystem is a unique environment found inside caves, where specialized plants and animals live in darkness, stable temperatures, and high humidity. Unlike surface ecosystems, they often lack sunlight, so organisms rely on nutrients from organic matter brought in by water or animals. These ecosystems include bacteria, fungi, insects, bats, and sometimes fish, all adapted to survive with minimal light and energy. Cavern ecosystems are sensitive and fragile, playing important roles in geological and biological processes, highlighting the delicate balance of life in these underground habitats.