cave geology

Cave geology involves studying how caves form and develop through natural geological processes. Most caves are created by the erosion of soluble rocks like limestone, through the action of slightly acidic water that slowly dissolves the rock over thousands or millions of years. Features inside caves, such as stalactites and stalagmites, form as mineral-rich water drips and leaves deposits. Cave geology helps us understand Earth's history, natural formations, and how water shapes subterranean landscapes. It combines geology, hydrology, and chemistry to reveal the dynamic processes shaping underground spaces over geological time.