Catherine de Médicis

Catherine de Médicis was an influential Italian-born Queen of France, married to King Henry II in the 16th century. She played a key role in French politics during her sons’ reigns, especially amid religious conflicts between Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots). Known for her political skill, she navigated a tumultuous period, sometimes advocating compromise and other times making strategic decisions to maintain power. Despite criticism, she aimed to stabilize France during civil wars, exemplified by her involvement in events like the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre. Her leadership reflects the complex diplomacy of her time.