Cas proteins

Cas proteins are enzymes associated with the CRISPR system, which is a natural defense mechanism used by bacteria and archaea to protect against viruses. These proteins act like molecular scissors, identifying and cutting specific DNA sequences targeted by the guide RNA. Scientists harness Cas proteins, such as Cas9, for precise gene editing in research and medicine, allowing them to modify DNA within plants, animals, and humans. Their ability to recognize and cut DNA with high accuracy makes Cas proteins powerful tools for genetic engineering and potential therapies.