Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system

The carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system maintains blood pH by balancing acids and bases. When carbon dioxide (CO₂) from body tissues combines with water in the blood, it forms carbonic acid. This acid can release hydrogen ions (making the blood more acidic) or combine with hydrogen ions to form bicarbonate, which neutralizes acidity. This dynamic process helps keep the blood's pH stable around 7.35-7.45, crucial for proper body function. Essentially, this system acts as a natural pH stabilizer, adjusting quickly to maintain a healthy, balanced environment in the body.