carbonate system theory

The carbonate system theory explains how carbon dioxide (CO₂) interacts with water, especially in oceans and bodies of water. When CO₂ dissolves in water, it forms various compounds like carbonic acid, bicarbonate, and carbonate ions. These reactions help regulate pH levels, making the water more or less acidic. The system is vital for balancing CO₂ in the environment, influencing climate and marine life. Essentially, it describes the dynamic balance between CO₂ and dissolved carbon compounds, maintaining the stability of aquatic ecosystems and helping earth regulate its carbon cycle.