carbohydrate antigen

Carbohydrate antigens are specific molecules made of sugar chains found on the surface of cells, including bacteria, viruses, and some cancer cells. These molecules act as unique markers that the immune system can recognize as foreign or abnormal. Because of their distinct structures, carbohydrate antigens help the body identify and respond to infections or abnormal cell growth. They are also important in medical diagnostics and vaccine development, as targeting these antigens can aid in detecting or fighting certain diseases. Understanding carbohydrate antigens is crucial for advancing immune therapies and improving disease diagnosis.