CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy)

Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) measures the amount of energy available in the atmosphere for a parcel of warm, moist air to rise freely, which can lead to thunderstorms. It indicates the potential strength of upward air movement: higher CAPE values suggest more energetic conditions, increasing the likelihood of vigorous storms with heavy rain, lightning, or hail. Essentially, CAPE represents the atmospheric "fuel" for convection; when this energy is released, it can produce severe weather. Meteorologists use CAPE alongside other factors to assess storm development and intensity.