capacitive coupling

Capacitive coupling occurs when an alternating electric field causes energy or signals to transfer between two nearby conductive objects without direct contact. Imagine two metal plates close to each other, separated by an insulator (like air). When an AC voltage is applied to one plate, it creates a changing electric field that can induce a small voltage in the other plate through this electric field. This phenomenon is common in electronics and can lead to unwanted interference or signal leakage between circuits, especially at high frequencies. It’s essentially a way that energy 'leaks' through the electric field, rather than through a direct electrical connection.